Forensic Report, 28 June 2007

Processos Vol IX, pages 2280 to 2281 THE FORENSIC SCIENCE SERVICE® WETHERBY LABORATORY, SANDBECK WAY, AUDBY LANE, WETHERBY, WEST YORKSHIRE, LS22 7DN FORENSIC REPORT Officer in case: Det Supt Prior Client: Leicestershire Police, New Parks Police reference: 07/06085 Qperation TASK Laboratory reference: Order reference: 300 555190 Scientist:400 913 609 Scientist: LESLEY DENTON Number of pages: 2 Re: Abduction of Madeleine McCann on 3rd May 2007 A DNA profile has been obtained from the reference samples of Kate HEALY 51162896) and Gerald McCANN (51162897). A DNA profile has also been obtained from a pillowcase (SJM/1). DNA profiling reveals a series of bands, half of which a child inherits from their natural mother (maternal) and half of which ït ïnherits from their natural father (paternal) In this case, all of the bands present in the profïle of abtained from the pillowcase are represented in the combined profiles of Kate HEALY and Gerald McCANN. This is what I would expect to find if the profile obtained from the pillowcase originated from a natural child of theirs. The results of the DNA profife obtaïned from the pïllowcase is approximately 29 million times more likely if the profïle originates form a natural child of theirs rather than someone unrelated to them. In my opinion, the results detailed above provide extremely strong support for the view that the profile obtained from the pillowcase originated from a natural child of Kate HEALY and Gerald McCANN. Please note: I understand that the McCANN's have a second female child. It therefore remains a formal possibility that the DNA on the pillowcase could have originated fromher as the genetics would be in keeping with those described above. If I can be of further assitance or you require a CJA statement please do not hesitate to contact me at the laboratory on 01XXX XXXXXX. Yours sincerely Lesley Anne Denton FORENSIC SCIENTIST Date: 28 June 2007

Forensic Report, 18 July 2007

Processos Vol IX, pages 2287 to 2288 THE FORENSIC SCIENCE SERVICE® WETHERBY LABORATORY, SANDBECK WAY, AUDBY LANE, WETHERBY, WEST YORKSHIRE, LS22 7DN FORENSIC REPORT Officer in case: Det Supt Prior Client: Leicestershire Police, New Parks Police reference: 07/06085 Operation TASK Laboratory reference: 300 655 190 Order reference: 400 922 755 Scientist: Lesley Denton Number of pages: 2 Re: Abduction of Madeleine McCann on 3rd May 2007 A DNA profile has been obtained from the reference samples of Amelie Eve McCANN (SBM/2) and Sean Michael McCANN (SBM/3). In this case, all of the bands present in the profiles of both Amelie McCANN and Sean McCANN are represented in the combined profiles of Kate HEALY and Gerald McCANN. This is what I would expect to find if Amelie McCANN and Sean Michael McCANN were their natural children. Neither the DNA profile of Amelie McCANN nor Sean McCANN matches that from the pillowcase (SJM/1) and therefore in my opinion, neither Amelie McCANN nor Sean McCANN can be the source of this profile. If I can be of further assistance or you require a CJA statement please do not hesitate to contact me at the laboratory on 01937 548287. Yours sincerely, Lesley Ann Denton FORENSIC SCIENTIST Date: 18 July 2007

Destruction of Samples, 21 August 2007

Processos Vol IX, page 2282 FSS - The Forensic Science Service Destruction of Samples (Related Document: FSS-GP-050) Code: Client reference: URN 07106085 Laboratory reference: 300 655 190 Investigating Officer: Det Supt Prior Order reference: 400 913 609 A - Perishable Samples Certain samples constitute a potential health risk. With the concurrence of the Home Office, it has been decided that such samples will not be submitted to the Courts unless specifically requested by the Defence (This is an extension of the procedures for the disposal of blood samples previously agreed by the Lord Chief Justice, the Director of Public Prosecutions and the former Chief Metropolitan Magistrate.) The Laboratory has examined one or more of the samples listed below. They will not be returned to you but will be destroyed in due course unless we are requested by the Defence to preserve them. You should notify the Defence Solicitors in accordance with Home Office Circulars 40/73 and 74/82, which allow a period of 21 days in which notice in writing must be given, by the defendant or his legal representative, to the laboratory to prevent the samples being destroyed. - Blood samples - Saliva samples - Swabs from body orifices - Other swabs bearing potentially hazardous material - Vomit, faeces, urine, etc The above list includes perishable personal samples, the destruction of which is required by Section 64 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act, (1984). B - Non-Perishable Personal Samples The destruction of other, non-perishable, personal samples is required by Section 64 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act, (1984). These include: - Control head hair samples - Control pubic hair samples - Finger nail samples - Casts, e.g. of teeth or feet Except as below these non-perishable, personal samples are returned to you as parts of exhibits for production at court etc. The laboratory is not responsible for their destruction. The part of these samples, which were removed for examination, will be retained by the laboratory for the period of time as specified in the 'Memorandum of Understanding for Retained Materials' (3, 7 or 30 years) from the date of this notice to allow access to other legitimate parties. After this period, in the absence of written instruction to the contrary, the retained samples will be destroyed and a record made of their destruction. Signed: Date: 21 August 2007 FSS-GF-247, Page 1 of 1, Issue 4

John Lowe's email "memorandum" to Stuart Prior (forwarded to 'Task Portugal' the following day), 03 September 2007

Processo 10 - VOLUME Xa; Case file pages 2617-2618 Task Portugal From: "Prior Stuart" <Stuart.Prior@leicestershire.pnn.police.uk> To: "Task Portugal" <Task.Portugal@leicestershire.pnn.police.uk> Sent: 04 September 2007 10:14 Subject: FW: Op Task - in Confidence --- >From: Lowe, Mr J R [mailto:John.Lowe@fss.pnn.police.uk >Sent: 03 September 2007 15:01 >To: stuart.prior@leicestershire.pnn.police.uk >Subject: Op Task - In Confidence Stuart Firstly, here are the last three results you are expecting An incomplete DNA result was obtained from cellular material on the swab 3a. The swab contained very little information and showed low level indications of DNA from more than one person. However, all of the confirmed DNA components within this result match the corresponding components in the DNA profile of Madeline McCann. LCN DNA profiling is highly sensitive, it is not possible to attribute this DNA profile to a particular body fluid. There is no evidence to support the view that Madeline McCann contributed DNA to the swab 3B. A complex LCN DNA result which appeared to have originated from at least three people was obtained from cellular material recovered from the luggage compartment section 286C 2007 CRL10 (2) area 2. Within the DNA profile of Madeline McCann there are 20 DNA components represented by 19 peaks on a chart. At one of the areas of DNA we routinely examine Madeleine has inherited the same DNA component from both parents; this appears therefore as 1 peak rather than 2, hence 19 rather than 20. Of these 19 components 15 are present within the result from this item; there are 37 components in total. There are 37 components because there are at least 3 contributors; but there could be up to five contributors. In my opinion therefore this result is too complex for meaningful interpretation/inclusion. Why?... Well, lets look at the question that is being asked "Is there DNA from Madeline on the swab?" It would be very simple to say "yes" simply because of the number of components within the result that are also in her reference sample. What we need to consider, as scientists, is whether the match is genuine and legitimate; because Madeline has deposited DNA as a result of being in the car or whether Madeline merely appears to match the result by chance. The individual components in Madeline's profile are not unique to her, it is the specific combination of 19 components that makes her profile unique above all others. Elements of Madeline's profile are also present within the the profiles of many of the scientists here in Bimiingham, myself included. lt's important to stress that 50% of Madeline's profile will be shared with each parent. It is not possible in a mixture of more than two people, to determine or evaluate which specific DNA components pair with each other. Namely, we cannot separate the components out into 3 individual DNA profiles. Therefore, we cannot answer the question: Is the match genuine or is it a chance match. The same applies to any result that is quoted as being too complex for meaningful inclusion/interpretation What questions will we never be able to answer with LCN DNA profiling? When was the DNA deposited? How was the DNA deposited? What body fluid(s) does the DIVA originate from? Was a crime committed? These, along with all other results, will be formalised in a final report Please don't hesitate to contact me if you require any further assistance kind regards John John Lowe Forensic Scientist Major Incidents Team Priory House

The 'First' Forensic Report by John Robert Lowe, 06 September 2009

Processo 10 - VOLUME Xa; Case file pages 2653-2658 FORENSIC REPORT Officer in case: D/Supt PRIOR Customer: New Parks Police Station, Leicestershire Constabulary Police reference: Operation Task Laboratory reference: 300 655 190 Order reference: 400 932 184 Scientist: JOHN ROBERT LOWE Number of pages: 6 Re: the abduction of Madeleine McCann This report summarises the results of DNA profiling tests conducted on a number of samples submitted to the Birmingham laboratory of the Forensic Science Service(R) from the Leicestershire Constabulary on behalf of the Policia Judiciaria and Laboratorio De Policia Cientifica on 7th August 2007 This report is marked for the attention of Detective Superintendent Prior; however I understand and accept that the contents of this report will be shared with the necessary authorities in Portugal. I have received from my colleague, Sarah Vraitch, copies of the reference DNA profiles of Gerald McCann (CB/1), Kate Healy (CB/2), Amelie McCann (SBM/2) and Sean McCann (SBM/3). I have also received a copy of the DNA profile obtained from the possible saliva staining on the pillow case (SJM/1) which is assumed to be the DNA profile of Madeleine McCann. A weak incomplete DNA result which consisted of only a few unconfirmed DNA components was obtained from cellular material on the swab (3A) from the apartment floor. An attempt to obtain a DNA profile from any cellular material on the wet swab (3B) from the same area was unsuccessful in that no profile was obtained.   Weak and incomplete DNA results which consisted of only a few unconfirmed DNA components were obtained from cellular material on the wet and dry swabs (14A & B} from the back of the sofa. A weak and incomplete DNA result which showed indications of having originated from more than one person was obtained from cellular material on the dry swab (15A) from the back of the sofa. A DNA result which appeared to have originated from at least three people and which appeared to have originated from at least two males who had contributed the majority of the DNA was obtained from cellular material obtained from the wet swab of the sofa (15B). in my opinion there is no evidence to support the view that Gerald McCann or Madeline McCann contributed DNA to this result. The DNA from this swab has not been subjected to LCN DNA profiling tests. A weak incomplete DNA result which consisted of only a few unconfirmed DNA components was obtained from cellular material recovered from the edges of tile 2 286/2007-CRL(2) from the apartment floor. An attempt to obtain a DNA profile from any cellular material recovered from a further area on tile 2 and two areas on tile 3 (286/2007-CRL(3) were unsuccessful in that no profiles were obtained. A weak incomplete DNA result which consisted of only two unconfirmed DNA components was obtained from cellular material recovered from the hem of one of the blue curtains 286A/2007-CRL(16(2)) from the apartment. An attempt to obtain a DNA profile from any cellular material recovered from one area of the plastic luggage component (286C/2007-CRL(10(2))) from the motor vehicle was unsuccessful in that no DNA profiles were obtained. A low level mixed DNA result which appeared to have originated from at least two people was obtained from a second area of the plastic luggage component (286C/2007-CRL(10(2))) from the motor vehicle. In my opinion this result is too complex to interpret at this stage. A low level mixed DNA result which appeared to have originated from at least three people was obtained from cellular material recovered from the fibre coated luggage component (286C/2007-CRL(10(1))) from the motor vehicle. In my opinion this result is too complex to interpret at this stage. A low level incomplete DNA profile which matched the corresponding components in the DNA profile of Gerald McCann was obtained from cellular material on the key card (286C/2007-CRL(12)). This sample has not been sent for further testing using LCN DNA profiling tests. Low level incomplete DNA results, which in certain circumstances showed a contribution of DNA from more than one person were obtained from biological material on the following swabs: 286A/2007 CRL 14a, 14b, 15a; the swab from the hem of the curtain 286A/2007 CRL 16 curtain 2; the swabs from the tile pieces 286/2007 CRL 2 areas 1 and 2 and 3 area 1. In my opinion there is no evidence to support the view that anyone from the McCann family contributed their DNA to them results. An attempt to obtain an LCN DNA result from any cellular material on the swab from area one of the luggage compartment section (286C/2007 CRL 10) was unsuccesful in that no profile was obtained. An incomplete LCN DNA result which appeared to have originated from a male was obtained from cellular material from the swab (286A/2007 CRL 1a & b). The profile did not match any of those previously tested in this case.   An incomplete LCN DNA result which appeared to have originated from a female was obtained from cellular material from the swab (286A/2007 CRL 4a & b). The profile did not match any of those previously tested in this case. An incomplete LCN DNA result which appeared to have originated from a male was obtained from cellular material from the swab (286A12007 CRL 9a & b). The profile did not match any of those previously tested in this case. Furthermore, it did not match the profile obtained from the swab, 286A/2007 CRL 1a & b. Mixed LCN DNA results which appeared to have originated from at least two people were obtained from cellular material recovered from the swabs (286A/2007 CRL 2a & b, 5a 7 b, 7a & b, 10a & b and 12a & b). in my opinion there is not evidence to support the view that any of the McCann family contributed DNA to Yhis result. Attempts to obtain an LCN DNA result from any cellular material on the swabs 286A/2007 CRL 11a & b & 13a & b and from tile pieces 286/2007 CRL 3 area 2 were unsuccessful in that no DNA profiles were obtained; possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA. LCN DNA results which contained too little information for meaningful interpretation were obtained from cellular material on the swabs 286A/2007 CRL 6a & b and 8a & b). LCN DNA results which appeared to have originated from at least three people and which were too complex for meaningful interpretation were obtained from cellular material recovered from the swabs taken from the tiles 286/2007 CRL 1, 6, 7,8, 10 & 11). An attempt to obtain an LCN DNA result from any cellular material on the swabs from the tiles 286/2007 CR/L 5 stains 1, 2 & 3 were unsuccessful in that no DNA profile was obtained. An LCN DNA result which contained to little information for meaningful interpretation was obtained from cellular material on the swab from the tile (286/2007 CR/L 9). Low level LCN DNA results were obtained from cellular material on the swabs from the tiles (286/2007 CR/L 4 & 12). In my opinion there is no evidence to support the view that anyone in the McCann Family contributed DNA to these results. An incomplete DNA result was obtained from cellular material on the swab (286A/2007 CRL 3a). The swab contained very little information and showed low level indications of DNA from more than one person. However, all of the confirmed DNA components within this result match the corresponding components in the DNA profile of Madeline McCann. LCN DNA profiling is highly sensitive; it is not possible attribute this DNA profile to a particular body fluid. A low level LCN DNA result was obtained from cellular material on the swab (286A/2007 CRL 3b). In my opinion there is no evidence to support the view that Madeleine McCann contributed DNA to this result. A complex LCN DNA result which appeared to have originated from at least three people was obtained from cellular material recovered from the luggage compartment section 286C 2007 CRL10 (2) area 2. In my opinion this result is too complex for meaningful interpretation. The curtains (286A/2007 - CR/L 16 and 16B) and the piece of white curtain (286B/2007 - CR/L 1) and the fragments of bushes (286/2007 CR/L 21) were examined for the presence of blood. No blood was found.   The small fragments of tile, and bags of dust and cement glue (286/2007 CR/L 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 & 20) were not examined at the laboratory. if I can be of further assistance please do not hesitate to contact me at the laboratory. Yours sincerely, JOHN ROBERT LOWE BSc CBiol NliBiol RFP Date: 6 September 2007

The 'Second' Forensic Report by John Robert Lowe, 18 June 2008

OUTROS APENSOS I, volume II Pages 300 to 326 Witness Deposition (Criminal Procedure Rules, r27.1 (1); Criminal Justice Act 1967, s.9; Magistrates' Courts Act 1980, s.5B) Deposition of: JOHN ROBERT LOWE BSc CBiol MlBiol RFP Age: Older than 18 Profession of Witness: Forensic Scientist Address of Witness: Forensic Science Service Ltd., Birmingham Laboratory, Priory House, Gooch Street North, Birmingham, B5 6QQ With respect to: References FSS: 300 655 190 / 400 947 125 References Client: 07/06085, 201/07.0GALGS CJS URN: I declare that: This deposition (consisting of twenty two pages signed by me) corresponds to the truth, to the best of my knowledge, and I give it knowing that, if it is presented as evidence, I could be subject to penal action in the case if I had deliberately declared something that I knew to be false or that I thought was not the truth; I declare also that, I am expert in the area of forensic sciences and that I was asked to give a deposition. I confirm that I have read the guidance in the pamphlet Disclosure: Expert's evidence and unused material that specifies my functions and documents my responsibilities, with respect to the quality of the disclosure of an expert witness. I followed that guidance and understand the ongoing nature of my responsibilities in terms of disclosure. In accordance with my duties of disclosure, as documented in the guidance pamphlet, I: a. confirm that I complied with my duty to record, to conserve and to divulge material, in accordance with the Law relating to Investigations and the Penal Process, of 1996, as amended; b. compiled an index of all the material. I assure that such index will be updated in the case additional material is delivered to me or emerges; c. am advised that in the case my opinion changes relative to any determining  question, I am obligated to inform the person responsible for the investigation, as soon as possible, presenting him with my reasons. Signed: [Signature appended] Date: 18 June 2008 FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 1 Qualifications and Experience I have a degree in Sciences in the areas of Microbiology and Biochemistry. I am a Chartered Biologist, a member of the Institute of Biology, a forensic doctor enrolled in the Order and a forensic scientist in the Birmingham Laboratory of the Forensic Science Service. My area of speciality is the examination of biological evidence including the analysis of spots of body fluid and the interpretation of DNA profile results. Information Based on the information furnished by the Leicestershire Constabulary and the Policia Judiciaria, I was informed that, allegedly, on 3 May 2007 Madeleine McCann disappeared from apartment 5A, Ocean Club, na Praia da Luz, Lagos, Portugal. My examinations, interpretations and conclusions are in line with the statements of information available during the examination. In the event there are alterations relating to that information, I shall have to reconsider the conclusions that I drew in the light of the new circumstances. Additional information will have to be furnished prior to any trial. Receipt of the objects Some of the objects that were collected from apartment 5A and from a vehicle, Renault 'Scenic' (registration 59-DA-27), hired by Gerry and Kate McCann when they were in Portugal. Those objects were delivered to the Forensic Science Service(R) by the Police Science Laboratory. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 2   At the same time, reference samples from those Portuguese police officers who had been active in the crime scene were delivered. The Forensic Science Service(R) received the objects on 7 August 2007, in sealed, secure packages. On 8 August 2007, the Forensic Science Service(R) received a piece of cloth/cotton wool (object MJN994) from Leicestershire Constabulary. That object was inside a sealed package. On 12 October 2007, the Forensic Science Service(R) received a blood spot in a cardboard frame (object JRB/1) from Leicestershire Constabulary. That object was inside a sealed package. Objective Th objective of the laboratory examination was to examine the presented objects with respect to the presence of blood, cellular material and hair that may prove to have been from Madeleine McCann or one or other member of her family, or from any of the Portuguese police who had been active at the crime scene. Technical questions Establishment of the DNA profile In this case two types of DNA analysis were used: the standard technique called SGM+ and a more precise one called Low Copy Number (LCN). FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 3   Both techniques look at the same regions of DNA, thereby allowing a comparison to be made between DNA profiles obtained through SGM+ with those obtained through LCN. Establishment of the DNA profile through SGM Plus DNA is a complex chemical found in almost every cell of the human body. It carries genetic information that determines the physical and chemical characteristics of a person. DNA analysis uses a technique in which specific areas are seen and copied (or amplified) many times. A DNA profile obtained from biological material, such as blood, semen, saliva or hair may be compared with a DNA profile obtained from a reference sample of any person. In the case that the DNA profile of the particular person is different from the DNA profile of the biological material, then that person is not the source of that material. If the profiles match, then that person, together with other persons having the same DNA profile, may be considered as a potential source of the material. The significance of a match may then be analysed in relation to the probability of obtaining that match by chance. Establishment of the DNA profile through LCN i) in this case, the protocols used on samples collected from a crime scene serve, essentially, to increase the precision of the [chemical] reactions in the establishment of the DNA profile and, consequently, to increase the possibility to detect extremely small quantities of DNA in a sample. This is achieved through increasing the number of amplification cycles. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 4   ii) These procedures to establish a DNA profile are applied in the laboratory when routine tests that require a minimum quantity of DNA to be extracted have proven to be, or are considered, inappropriate for successful analyses of a specific sample. This may have to be done with a small quantity of cellular material available for tests and/or due to the condition of the spot, that can affect the quality of DNA and its effective amplification. iii) Increasing the number of amplification cycles has the effect of significantly increasing the sensitivity of the technique, such that, theoretically, only a few cells are necessary for a successful analysis. The profiles generated in this way should be interpreted in relation to the circumstances of the case and, in particular, to the possibility of detection of quantities of vestigial DNA originating from unknown sources. iv) The observation of mixed STR profiles (that is, from more than one person) may be prevented when those conditions occur. Experimental data is available that permits a scientist to assess some questions relating to the transference and persistance of low-level DNA in objects and if they can be assessed as relevant in this case. Hence, consideration must be given to the manner in which the detected DNA was transferred to the object and, consequently, the relevance of the discovery of the corresponding profiles to those individuals concerned. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 5 v) All the preparations of DNA were done in duplicate, conforming to procedure when protocols pertaining to increased sensitivity are applied. This is required in order to attain reproducible results before the strips of DNA observed in the profiles will be considered as a true representation of the DNA present in the sample. My interpretations, conclusions and methods of work took into account all of the above aspects. In the appendix at the end of this statement additional details are furnished about the procedures used in obtaining the DNA profiles. Analysis and Results I performed analyses in this case with the help of scientific support personnel. A list of those people was made in the Record of Forensic Examination, which I present as document JRL/FER/1a. A complete record of work performed, with notes made at the time of the work, exists under the reference 300 655 190. Those notes are available for verification in the laboratory, if required. Oral swabs of reference material CB/1 Gerald McCann CB/2 Kate McCann (nee Healy) SBM/2 Amelie McCann SBM/3 Sean McCann My colleague, Sarah Vraitch, furnished me with copies of reference DNA profiles of the above individuals. Each of the profiles was different from the others. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 6 14 Pedro Vilhena 286/2007CRL22 Fernando Viegas 286/2007CRL23 Lino Henriques 286/2007CRL24 Bruno Antunes The DNA profiles of these persons were obtained from their respective samples. The profiles were not only different from each other, they were different from those of the McCann family. Reference sample of blood JRB/1 Madeleine McCann From this sample was obtained a DNA reference sample that was different from those of her immediate family, described above. This DNA profile was the same as that obtained from possible spots of saliva existing on the pillowcase (SJM/1). Objects attributed to the motor vehicle Renault 'Scenic' (registration 59-DA-27) 286C/2007-CRL1 D Nail (human hand) From this fragment of a nail from the finger of a human hand, a DNA result was obtained through the LCN technique which corresponded to Gerald McCann. In the same result an additional DNA component, unique and unconfirmed, was found that left no room for any other interpretation. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 7 286C/2007-CRL2E Nail (hand) From this fragment ... a DNA result was obtained through the LCN technique which corresponded to Kate Healy. In the same DNA result were found two more DNA components, one of which was not confirmed; these DNA components left no room for any other interpretation. 286C/2007-CRL10 Baggage compartment This object comprised two sections of the baggage compartment of the Renault Scenic, the first being a baggage compartment lined with fabric with ventilation holes (designated in the UK laboratory as CRL/10(1)) and, the second a moulded plastic extension (designated in the laboratory as CRL/10(2)). A mixed, low-level DNA result, appearing to be from at least three people, was obtained from the cellular material collected from the baggage compartment lined with fabric (286C/2007-CRL/10(1)) of the motor vehicle. That sample was submitted to tests to obtain DNA profiles through the LCN technique. A DNA result through the LCN technique, which appeared to be from at least three persons, was obtained from the cellular material collected from the baggage compartment lined with fabric (286C/2007-CRL/10(1)). In my opinion, this result is too complex to make a meaningful interpretation. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 8 The attempt to obtain a DNA profile from any cellular material collected from the plastic area on the baggage compartment (286C/2007-CRL /10(2)) was unsuccessful, because no DNA profile was obtained. A mixed, low-level DNA result, that appeared to be from at least two persons, was obtained from a second area of the baggage compartment plastic (286C/2007-CRL /10(2)). This sample was submitted for tests to obtain DNA profiles through LCN. A DNA result by complex LCN that appeared to be from at least three persons, was obtained from cellular material collected on the section of the baggage compartment 286C 2007 CRL10 (2) area 2. In my opinion, that result is too complex for a meaningful interpretation. An incomplete, low-level DNA profile that matched corresponding components in the profile of Gerald McCann was obtained from cellular material present on the car key. (286C/2007-CRL (12)). My colleague, Andrew Palmer, submitted various hair collected from the Renault Scenic for tests, using tests for obtaining the DNA profile through the use of LCN. Those hairs were designated as 7B hair 1 and 7C hairs 7, 13 and 15. Attempts to obtain a DNA profile of each hair by LCN was unsuccessful, because no DNA profile was obtained by LCN, possibly due to there being an insufficient quantity of good quality DNA.   Objects attributed to the Apartment 5A of the Ocean Club 286/2007-CRL (1) Pieces of floor-tile identified as number 1 FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 9 A DNA result by LCN, that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex for a meaningful interpretation, was obtained from the cellular material collected from these floor tiles. 286/2007-CRL (2) Pieces of floor-tile identified as number 2 An inconclusive, incomplete DNA result, consisting of only some unconfirmed DNA components, was obtained from the cellular material recovered from the edges of floor-tile 2 from the apartment floor. The attempt to obtain a DNA profile from any cellular material recovered from the larger area of floor-tile 2 was unsuccessful, given that it was not possible to obtain any DNA profile. These samples were then subjected to LCN analysis. An incomplete, low-level DNA result was obtained through LCN from cellular material in an area of floor-tile 2. In my opinion, there is not any positive proof that supports the theory of any of the members of the McCann family have contributed DNA to this result. A DNA result was obtained through LCN consistent with only one DNA component from a second area of floor-tile 2. In my opinion, this component leaves no room for any other interpretation. 286/2007-CRL (3) Pieces of floor-tile identified as number 3 The attempts to a obtain DNA profile from any cellular material in two areas of this floor-tile were unsuccessful, given that no DNA profile was obtained. These samples were submitted for LCN analysis. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 10 A DNA result that consisted of only some DNA components was obtained through LCN analysis of cellular material recovered from one area of floor-tile 3. In my opinion, this result left no room for any other interpretation. The attempt made to obtain a DNA profile through LCN from a second area of floor-tile 3 was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained. 286/2007-CRL (4) Pieces of floor-tile identified as number 4 Low-level DNA results were obtained through LCN from cellular material present in swabs collected from these floor-tiles. In my opinion, this result contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful comparison. 286/2007-CRL (5) Pieces of floor-tile identified close to number 1 The attempt to obtain a DNA result through the LCN technique from some cellular material present in swabs collected from the spots 1, 2 and 3 were unsuccessful, given that no DNA profile was obtained. 286/2007-CRL (6) Pieces of skirting board identified as number 1 A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from these objects. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 11 286/2007-CRL (7) Pieces of skirting board identified as number 2 A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered from these objects. 286/2007-CRL (8) Pieces of skirting board identified as numbers 2 and 3 A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered from these objects. 286/2007-CRL (9) Pieces of skirting board identified as number 3 A DNA result that contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material present in swabs collected from these objects. 286/2007-CRL (10) Pieces of skirting board identified as number 4 A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered from these objects. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 12   286/2007-CRL (11) Pieces of skirting board identified close to number 1 A DNA result that appeared to be from at least three persons and that was too complex to permit a meaningful interpretation was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered from these objects. 286/2007-CRL (12) Pieces of skirting board identified close to number 4 Low-level DNA results were obtained through LCN from cellular material present in swabs collected from these objects. In my opinion, there exists no proof that supports the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to these results. 286/2007-CRL (13) Residual/small fragments in the area of the skirting board. The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA. 286/2007-CRL (14) Dust/small fragments in the area of the floor tiles This object was not adequate to perform DNA profile tests. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 13   286/2007-CRL (15) Cement-grouting between the floor tiles The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA. 286/2007-CRL (16) Cement-grouting between the floor tiles identified as number 1 A DNA profile that did not match any of the McCann family was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered in that area. 286/2007-CRL (17) Cement-grouting between the floor tiles identified as number 2 A DNA profile that appeared to be from at least two sources was obtained through LCN from cellular material recovered in that area. In my opinion, the major part of the profile matched that of Lino Henriques. Departing from the principle, for it to have had a DNA contribution from Lino Henriques, then the remaining information in the smaller part of the result is too meagre to permit a meaningful interpretation. 286/2007-CRL (18) Cement-grouting between the floor tiles identified as number 3 The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 14   286/2007-CRL (19) Cement-grouting between the floor tiles identified as number 4 The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA. 286/2007-CRL (20) Fragments of floor tile and grouting The attempt to obtain a result through LCN from any cellular material that may have been in these fragments was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA. 286/2007-CRL (21) Fragments of bush/shrubbery Insofar as it relates to this sample, the examination performed was aimed at the detection of the possible presence of blood, no trace thereof having been found. Particles from the superficial surface layer were recovered and preserved in a way similar to that of hairs and fibres. In my opinion, the capillary roots were not good quality as they were not adequate to perform DNA profile tests. 286/2007-CRL (22, 23 e 24) Oral swabs for elimination A new deposition to report the examination of these objects will be presented at a future time along with the DNA profiles obtained to date from all the DNA results relating to this case. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 15 286A/2007-CRL 1A & B Swabs collected from the floor of the apartment An incomplete DNA result, apparently originating from a male individual but not matching any other profile obtained in this case, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. 286A/2007-CRL 2A & B Swabs collected from the floor of the apartment A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two people, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. 286A/2007-CRL 3A& B Swabs collected from the floor of the apartment An incomplete and weak DNA result comprising only some unconfirmed DNA components was obtained from the cellular material present in the dry swab (3A). The attempt to obtain a result from any cellular material that may have been in the same area and present in the wet swab (3B) was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained. These samples were submitted for LCN tests. An incomplete DNA result was obtained through LCN from cellular material present in the swab (286A/2007 CRL 3A). The low-level DNA result showed very meagre information indicating more than one person. Departing from the principle that all confirmed DNA components within the scope of this result originated from a single source, then these pointed to corresponding components in the profile of Madeleine McCann; however, if the DNA within the scope of this result originated from more than one person then the result could be explained as being DNA originating from Kate Healy and Gerald McCann, for example. DNA profiles established through LCN are extremely sensitive; it is not possible to attribute this DNA profile to a particular body fluid. nor to determine how or when that DNA was transferred to that area. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 16 A low-level DNA result was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the swab (286A/2007 CRL 3B). In my opinion, there are no indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. 286A/2007-CRL 4A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment An incomplete DNA result, apparently originating from a female individual, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. 286A/2007-CRL 5A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two persons, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. In my opinion, Fernando Viegas could have contributed DNA to this result. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 17   286A/2007-CRL 6A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment The DNA results obtained through LCN from cellular material present in these combined swabs contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful comparison. 286A/2007-CRL 7A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two persons, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. 286A/2007-CRL 8A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment The DNA results obtained through LCN from cellular material present in these combined swabs contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful comparison. 286A/2007-CRL 9A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment An incomplete DNA result, apparently originating from a male individual, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. Also, this result did not match in any way the profile obtained from swabs 286A/2007 CRL 1A & B. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 18 286A/2007-CRL 10A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two persons, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there are no indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. 286A/2007-CRL 11A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment The attempt to obtain a DNA result through LCN from all and any cellular material recovered from these combined swabs was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA. 286A/2007-CRL 12A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment A mixed DNA result, apparently originating from at least two persons, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the combined swabs. In my opinion, there is no evidence that supports the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 19 286A/2007-CRL 13A & B Swabs collected from the wall of the apartment The attempt to obtain a DNA result through LCN from all and any cellular material recovered from these combined swabs was unsuccessful, given that no profile was obtained, possibly due to the absence of sufficient good quality DNA. 286A/2007-CRL 14A & B Swabs collected from the rear of the sofa Weak and incomplete DNA results consisting only of some unconfirmed DNA components were obtained from the cellular material present in these wet and dry swabs. In my opinion the results are not adequate for comparison purposes. These samples were submitted for LCN analysis. A mixed, low-level DNA result was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in each of the swabs. In my opinion, there are no conclusive indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to these results. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 20 286A/2007-CRL 15A & B Swabs collected from the rear of the sofa A weak and incomplete DNA result showing indications as having come from more than one person was obtained from the cellular material present in dry swab (15A) effected on the rear of the sofa. In my opinion the result is not adequate for comparison purposes. These samples were submitted for LCN analysis. A DNA result, apparently originating from at least three persons of whom at least two were male and contributed the majority of the DNA, was obtained from the cellular material present in the wet swab (15B) effected on the rear of the sofa. In my opinion, there are no conclusive indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. An incomplete, low-level DNA result, comprising only some DNA components, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material present in the dry swab (15A). In my opinion, there are no conclusive indications that justify the theory that any member of the McCann family had contributed DNA to this result. The wet swab (15B) was not submitted for further LCN anaysis. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 21 286A/2007-CRL 16 & 16B Two blue curtains and one white curtain 286B/2007-CRL 1 One white section of a curtain These curtains were analysed for traces of blood, semen and saliva, none of which were detected. The hem of one of the blue curtains (16) was swabbed to collect any cellular material that might exist. An incomplete, inconclusive DNA result consisting only of two unconfirmed DNA components was obtained. In my opinion the result is not adequate for comparison purposes. The sample was submitted for LCN analysis. An incomplete, low-level DNA result, comprising only some DNA components, was obtained through LCN from the cellular material recovered from the hem of one the curtains. In my opinion, this result contained information too meagre to permit a meaningful interpretation. Object attributed to Leicestershire Police HQ MJN/994 Cloth / piece of cotton wool The object consisted a plastic bag containing a piece of cloth around cotton wool which showed orange and brown spots. No blood was detected. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 22 Object sent to Mr & Mrs McCann, Rothley, Leicester EMJ/53 Envelope The envelope flap was swabbed to recover any cellular material that might exist. An incomplete, low-level DNA result was obtained through LCN which, in my opinion, was too complex to permit meaningful interpretation. The attempt to obtain a DNA result through LCN from all and any cellular material that might have existed on the gum of the envelope was unsuccessful, given that no DNA profile was obtained. Conclusion In my opinion, the laboratory results that were attained did not help to clarify whether or not the DNA results obtained within the scope of this case were from Madeleine McCann. FSS-GF-679 Emissao 2, Pagina 23